immune system webquest
In this webquest, you will explore how the human body
protects itself from invaders through three lines of defense. You will be going to different websites to
see videos, animations, and images and to read explanatory text that will give
you information that you will need in order to answer a series of questions
about the immune system and how it works.
Type your answers to the following questions. Be sure to write in your own words and use
complete sentences.
Go to this website:
http://tle.westone.wa.gov.au/content/file/969144ed-0d3b-fa04-2e88-8b23de2a630c/1/human_bio_science_3b.zip/content/004_internal_defence/page_01.htm
Use the navigation bar in the left column to click on each topic. Read through the “Introduction,” “The immune system -- three lines of defense” and “First line of defense – nonspecific barriers” and answer questions 1-3.
1. Define pathogen and list 4 types of pathogens.
2. Define antigen and give 3 examples of common antigens.
3. What is the purpose of the first line of defense? Is it general or specific?
Watch the first 2:40 of the following video that shows gives an overview of how the body protects itself from microbes and explains how the first and second lines of defense work
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IWMJIMzsEMg
4. What are the body’s three defenses? How do they differ from each other?
5. How do the skin, sweat glands, mucus membranes, and acids in the stomach protect the body? To what level of defense do these belong?
6. What are three nonspecific internal defenses?
Watch the following video about natural killer cells.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HNP1EAYLhOs
7. What are natural killer cells? What kinds of cells do they attack? How do they work? Is this a specific or nonspecific defense
Watch the following podcast about the inflammatory response
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=fvwp&v=_bNN95sA6-8&NR=1
8. When does the inflammatory response occur? What are three signs of the inflammatory response?
9. What cells release histamine? How does the body respond to the release of histamine?
10. How do platelets play a role in the inflammatory response?
Watch the Bozeman podcast on The Immune System and answer the following questions.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z3M0vU3Dv8E
NOTE: If you had to search for this podcast from YouTube, make sure you open “THE IMMUNE SYSTEM” and not just “IMMUNE SYSTEM.”
11. Describe what a virus, such as small pox, does in a human body.
13. What are 4 ways that skin defends the body from infection? Is this a specific or a nonspecific defense?
14. What is an “antigen”?
15. How was the name “antigen” derived? Carefully draw an antibody and its antigen. Explain how and antibody works to protect the body and explain how the structure of an antibody relates to its function.
16. Explain what it means for a person to have specific immunity to an antigen.
17. What are lymphocytes and what are the two major classes of lymphocytes?
18. In what part of the body are each type created?
19. Explain the humoral response. What causes this type of response? What kinds of cells and chemicals are involved? Explain the functions of each of these cells and chemicals.
20. Explain the cell-mediated response. What causes this type of response? What kinds of cells are involved? Explain the functions of each of these cells.
21. What is the role of a macrophage in the immune response?
22. What specific kind of cell is attacked by HIV? Why is this so damaging to the immune system? Be specific.
23. Give three examples of cell-cell communication in the immune response to an antigen.
24. Explain how a person can be infected by a disease pathogen and not know it.
25. How do viruses and bacteria get around the immune system?
Next, watch the following animation:
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072507470/student_view0/chapter22/animation__the_immune_response.html
Go to this web page that further explains the difference between primary and secondary immune response:
http://tle.westone.wa.gov.au/content/file/969144ed-0d3b-fa04-2e88-8b23de2a630c/1/human_bio_science_3b.zip/content/004_internal_defence/page_09.htm
Go to the following:
http://tle.westone.wa.gov.au/content/file/969144ed-0d3b-fa04-2e88-8b23de2a630c/1/human_bio_science_3b.zip/content/004_internal_defence/page_10.htm
26. Distinguish between natural and artificial immunity. Give an example of each.
27. Distinguish between passive and active immunity. Give an example of each.
Read through this webpage
http://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/treatments/pages/How-Do-Antibiotics-Work.aspx?nfstatus=401&nftoken=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000&nfstatusdescription=ERROR%3a+No+local+token
28. How do antibiotics work against bacteria ?
Read through this webpage and click on the two links that are on the page. Use that information to answer the following questions.
http://tle.westone.wa.gov.au/content/file/969144ed-0d3b-fa04-2e88-8b23de2a630c/1/human_bio_science_3b.zip/content/004_internal_defence/page_12.htm
29. Explain what MRSA is and why the spread of MRSA is dangerous to people.
30. After reading the pbs.org link, explain how bacteria become resistant to antibiotics.
Go to the following site. Open the video and watch it.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/10/4/l_104_06.html
31. How does HIV infect cells?
Read through this website
http://www.ehow.com/about_5479343_ethical-issues-hiv-aids-cases.html
32. List three issues realted to AIDS
Go to the following website click through each page (1 through 5) that explains what antibiotics are and how bacteria are becoming more resistant to antibiotics. Use the information to enhance your answer to question #31 above.
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072556781/student_view0/chapter13/animation_quiz_3.html
33. What is a plasmid?
Go to the following site and skip to 6:05.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O_Vhbzf9u2E
34. What is the role of plasmids in antibiotic resistance?
Go to the following website and work through the click and learn.
http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/disease/immunology_primer/01.html
35. Watch the page 3 video and contrast B cells, Helper T cells, Cytotoxic T cells, and antigen presenting cells.
34. Watch the page 4 video and explain the humoral response.
35. How do macrophages participate in adaptive immunity?
36.Watch the video on page 8 and describe how helper T cells work.
37. Watch the page 9 video and explain how cytotoxic T cells work.
Go to the following:
http://tle.westone.wa.gov.au/content/file/969144ed-0d3b-fa04-2e88-8b23de2a630c/1/human_bio_science_3b.zip/content/004_internal_defence/page_10.htm
38. Distinguish between natural and artificial immunity. Give an example of each.
39. Distinguish between passive and active immunity. Give an example of each.
Read through this webpage
http://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/treatments/pages/How-Do-Antibiotics-Work.aspx?nfstatus=401&nftoken=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000&nfstatusdescription=ERROR%3a+No+local+token
40. How do antibiotics work against bacteria
Read through this webpage and click on the two links that are on the page. Use that information to answer the following questions.
http://tle.westone.wa.gov.au/content/file/969144ed-0d3b-fa04-2e88-8b23de2a630c/1/human_bio_science_3b.zip/content/004_internal_defence/page_12.htm
41. Explain what MRSA is and why the spread of MRSA is dangerous to people.
42. After reading the pbs.org link, explain how bacteria become resistant to antibiotics.
43. Define an antiviral and describe how antivirals work.
Go to the following site. Open the video and watch it.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/10/4/l_104_06.html
CONGRADULATIONS ON A JOB WELL DONE!!!
Go to this website:
http://tle.westone.wa.gov.au/content/file/969144ed-0d3b-fa04-2e88-8b23de2a630c/1/human_bio_science_3b.zip/content/004_internal_defence/page_01.htm
Use the navigation bar in the left column to click on each topic. Read through the “Introduction,” “The immune system -- three lines of defense” and “First line of defense – nonspecific barriers” and answer questions 1-3.
1. Define pathogen and list 4 types of pathogens.
2. Define antigen and give 3 examples of common antigens.
3. What is the purpose of the first line of defense? Is it general or specific?
Watch the first 2:40 of the following video that shows gives an overview of how the body protects itself from microbes and explains how the first and second lines of defense work
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IWMJIMzsEMg
4. What are the body’s three defenses? How do they differ from each other?
5. How do the skin, sweat glands, mucus membranes, and acids in the stomach protect the body? To what level of defense do these belong?
6. What are three nonspecific internal defenses?
Watch the following video about natural killer cells.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HNP1EAYLhOs
7. What are natural killer cells? What kinds of cells do they attack? How do they work? Is this a specific or nonspecific defense
Watch the following podcast about the inflammatory response
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=fvwp&v=_bNN95sA6-8&NR=1
8. When does the inflammatory response occur? What are three signs of the inflammatory response?
9. What cells release histamine? How does the body respond to the release of histamine?
10. How do platelets play a role in the inflammatory response?
Watch the Bozeman podcast on The Immune System and answer the following questions.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z3M0vU3Dv8E
NOTE: If you had to search for this podcast from YouTube, make sure you open “THE IMMUNE SYSTEM” and not just “IMMUNE SYSTEM.”
11. Describe what a virus, such as small pox, does in a human body.
13. What are 4 ways that skin defends the body from infection? Is this a specific or a nonspecific defense?
14. What is an “antigen”?
15. How was the name “antigen” derived? Carefully draw an antibody and its antigen. Explain how and antibody works to protect the body and explain how the structure of an antibody relates to its function.
16. Explain what it means for a person to have specific immunity to an antigen.
17. What are lymphocytes and what are the two major classes of lymphocytes?
18. In what part of the body are each type created?
19. Explain the humoral response. What causes this type of response? What kinds of cells and chemicals are involved? Explain the functions of each of these cells and chemicals.
20. Explain the cell-mediated response. What causes this type of response? What kinds of cells are involved? Explain the functions of each of these cells.
21. What is the role of a macrophage in the immune response?
22. What specific kind of cell is attacked by HIV? Why is this so damaging to the immune system? Be specific.
23. Give three examples of cell-cell communication in the immune response to an antigen.
24. Explain how a person can be infected by a disease pathogen and not know it.
25. How do viruses and bacteria get around the immune system?
Next, watch the following animation:
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072507470/student_view0/chapter22/animation__the_immune_response.html
Go to this web page that further explains the difference between primary and secondary immune response:
http://tle.westone.wa.gov.au/content/file/969144ed-0d3b-fa04-2e88-8b23de2a630c/1/human_bio_science_3b.zip/content/004_internal_defence/page_09.htm
Go to the following:
http://tle.westone.wa.gov.au/content/file/969144ed-0d3b-fa04-2e88-8b23de2a630c/1/human_bio_science_3b.zip/content/004_internal_defence/page_10.htm
26. Distinguish between natural and artificial immunity. Give an example of each.
27. Distinguish between passive and active immunity. Give an example of each.
Read through this webpage
http://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/treatments/pages/How-Do-Antibiotics-Work.aspx?nfstatus=401&nftoken=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000&nfstatusdescription=ERROR%3a+No+local+token
28. How do antibiotics work against bacteria ?
Read through this webpage and click on the two links that are on the page. Use that information to answer the following questions.
http://tle.westone.wa.gov.au/content/file/969144ed-0d3b-fa04-2e88-8b23de2a630c/1/human_bio_science_3b.zip/content/004_internal_defence/page_12.htm
29. Explain what MRSA is and why the spread of MRSA is dangerous to people.
30. After reading the pbs.org link, explain how bacteria become resistant to antibiotics.
Go to the following site. Open the video and watch it.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/10/4/l_104_06.html
31. How does HIV infect cells?
Read through this website
http://www.ehow.com/about_5479343_ethical-issues-hiv-aids-cases.html
32. List three issues realted to AIDS
Go to the following website click through each page (1 through 5) that explains what antibiotics are and how bacteria are becoming more resistant to antibiotics. Use the information to enhance your answer to question #31 above.
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072556781/student_view0/chapter13/animation_quiz_3.html
33. What is a plasmid?
Go to the following site and skip to 6:05.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O_Vhbzf9u2E
34. What is the role of plasmids in antibiotic resistance?
Go to the following website and work through the click and learn.
http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/disease/immunology_primer/01.html
35. Watch the page 3 video and contrast B cells, Helper T cells, Cytotoxic T cells, and antigen presenting cells.
34. Watch the page 4 video and explain the humoral response.
35. How do macrophages participate in adaptive immunity?
36.Watch the video on page 8 and describe how helper T cells work.
37. Watch the page 9 video and explain how cytotoxic T cells work.
Go to the following:
http://tle.westone.wa.gov.au/content/file/969144ed-0d3b-fa04-2e88-8b23de2a630c/1/human_bio_science_3b.zip/content/004_internal_defence/page_10.htm
38. Distinguish between natural and artificial immunity. Give an example of each.
39. Distinguish between passive and active immunity. Give an example of each.
Read through this webpage
http://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/treatments/pages/How-Do-Antibiotics-Work.aspx?nfstatus=401&nftoken=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000&nfstatusdescription=ERROR%3a+No+local+token
40. How do antibiotics work against bacteria
Read through this webpage and click on the two links that are on the page. Use that information to answer the following questions.
http://tle.westone.wa.gov.au/content/file/969144ed-0d3b-fa04-2e88-8b23de2a630c/1/human_bio_science_3b.zip/content/004_internal_defence/page_12.htm
41. Explain what MRSA is and why the spread of MRSA is dangerous to people.
42. After reading the pbs.org link, explain how bacteria become resistant to antibiotics.
43. Define an antiviral and describe how antivirals work.
Go to the following site. Open the video and watch it.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/10/4/l_104_06.html
CONGRADULATIONS ON A JOB WELL DONE!!!
